mxml/doc/intro.html
2005-04-24 23:33:13 +00:00

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<head>
<title>Mini-XML Programmers Manual, Version 2.2.1</title>
<meta name='copyright' content='Copyright 2003-2005'/>
<meta name='author' content='Michael Sweet'/>
<meta name='keywords' content='XML, C, C++, library'/>
</head>
<body>
<h1 align='right'><a name='INTRO'>Introduction</a></h1>
<p>This programmers manual describes Mini-XML version 2.2.1, a
small XML parsing library that you can use to read and write XML
and XML-like data files in your application without requiring
large non-standard libraries. Mini-XML only requires an ANSI C
compatible compiler (GCC works, as do most vendors' ANSI C
compilers) and a "make" program.</p>
<p>Mini-XML provides the following functionality:</p>
<ul>
<li>Reading of UTF-8 and UTF-16 encoded XML files and
strings.</li>
<li>Writing of UTF-8 encoded XML files and strings.</li>
<li>Data is stored in a linked-list tree structure,
preserving the XML data hierarchy.</li>
<li>Supports arbitrary element names, attributes, and
attribute values with no preset limits, just available
memory.</li>
<li>Supports integer, real, opaque ("cdata"), and text
data types in "leaf" nodes.</li>
<li>Functions for creating and managing trees of
data.</li>
<li>"Find" and "walk" functions for easily locating and
navigating trees of data.</li>
</ul>
<p>Mini-XML doesn't do validation or other types of processing
on the data based upon schema files or other sources of
definition information, nor does it support character entities
other than those required by the XML specification.</p>
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<h2>Legal Stuff</h2>
<p>The Mini-XML library is copyright 2003-2005 by Michael
Sweet.</p>
<p>This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the <a
href='#LICENSE'>GNU Library General Public
License</a> as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
version.</p>
<p>This library is distributed in the hope that it will be
useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied
warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE. See the GNU Library General Public License for
more details.</p>
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<h2>History</h2>
<p>Mini-XML was initially developed for the <a
href='http://gimp-print.sf.net/'>Gimp-Print</a> project to
replace the rather large and unwieldy <tt>libxml2</tt> library
with something substantially smaller and easier-to-use. It all
began one morning in June of 2003 when Robert posted the
following sentence to the developer's list:</p>
<blockquote>It's bad enough that we require libxml2, but rolling
our own XML parser is a bit more than we can
handle.</blockquote>
<p>I then replied with:</p>
<blockquote>Given the limited scope of what you use in XML, it
should be trivial to code a mini-XML API in a few hundred lines
of code.</blockquote>
<p>I took my own challenge and coded furiously for two days to
produced the initial public release of Mini-XML, total lines of
code: 696. Robert promptly integrated Mini-XML into Gimp-Print
and removed libxml2.</p>
<p>Thanks to lots of feedback and support from various
developers, Mini-XML has evolved since then to provide a more
complete XML implementation and now stands at a whopping 2,974
lines of code, compared to 103,893 lines of code for libxml2
version 2.6.9. Aside from Gimp-Print, Mini-XML is used for the
following projects/software applications:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href='http://www.cups.org/'>Common UNIX Printing
System</a></li>
<li><a href='http://www.cups.org/ddk/'>CUPS Driver
Development Kit</a></li>
<li><a href='http://www.easysw.com/printpro/'>ESP Print
Pro</a></li>
<li><a
href='http://zynaddsubfx.sourceforge.net'>ZynAddSubFX</a></li>
</ul>
<p>Please email me (mxml @ easysw . com) if you would like your
project added or removed from this list, or if you have any
comments/quotes you would like me to publish about your
experiences with Mini-XML.</p>
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<h2>Organization of This Document</h2>
<p>This manual is organized into the following chapters and
appendices:</p>
<ul>
<li>Chapter 1, "<a href='#INSTALL'>Building,
Installing, and Packaging Mini-XML</a>", provides
compilation, installation, and packaging instructions for
Mini-XML.</li>
<li>Chapter 2, "<a href='#BASICS'>Getting
Started with Mini-XML</a>", shows how to use the
Mini-XML library in your programs.</li>
<li>Chapter 3, "<a href='#ADVANCED'>More
Mini-XML Programming Techniques</a>", shows additional
ways to use the Mini-XML library.</li>
<li>Chapter 4, "<a href='#MXMLDOC'>Using the
mxmldoc Utility</a>", describes how to use the
<tt>mxmldoc(1)</tt> program to generate software
documentation.</li>
<li>Appendix A, "<a href='#LICENSE'>GNU
Library General Public License</a>", provides the terms
and conditions for using and distributing Mini-XML.</li>
<li>Appendix B, "<a href='#RELNOTES'>Release Notes</a>",
lists the changes in each release of Mini-XML.</li>
<li>Appendix C, "<a href='#REFERENCE'>Library
Reference</a>", contains a complete reference for
Mini-XML, generated by <tt>mxmldoc</tt>.</li>
</ul>
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<h2>Notation Conventions</h2>
<p>Various font and syntax conventions are used in this guide.
Examples and their meanings and uses are explained below:</p>
<center><table width='80%'>
<tr>
<th>Example</th>
<td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan='3'>&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr valign='top'>
<td><code>lpstat</code><br />
<code>lpstat(1)</code></td>
<td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td>
<td>The names of commands; the first mention of a command or
function in a chapter is followed by a manual page section
number.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan='3'>&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr valign='top'>
<td><var>/var</var><br />
<var>/usr/share/cups/data/testprint.ps</var></td>
<td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td>
<td>File and directory names.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan='3'>&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr valign='top'>
<td nowrap><tt>Request ID is Printer-123</tt></td>
<td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td>
<td>Screen output.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan='3'>&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr valign='top'>
<td nowrap><kbd>lp -d printer filename ENTER</kbd></td>
<td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td>
<td>Literal user input; special keys like <kbd>ENTER</kbd> are
in ALL CAPS.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan='3'>&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr valign='top'>
<td>12.3</td>
<td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td>
<td>Numbers in the text are written using the period (.) to indicate
the decimal point.</td>
</tr>
</table></center>
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<h2>Abbreviations</h2>
<p>The following abbreviations are used throughout this
manual:</p>
<blockquote>
<dl>
<dt>Gb</dt>
<dd>Gigabytes, or 1073741824 bytes<br />&nbsp;</dd>
<dt>kb</dt>
<dd>Kilobytes, or 1024 bytes<br />&nbsp;</dd>
<dt>Mb</dt>
<dd>Megabytes, or 1048576 bytes<br />&nbsp;</dd>
<dt>UTF-8, UTF-16</dt>
<dd>Unicode Transformation Format, 8-bit or 16-bit<br />&nbsp;</dd>
<dt>W3C</dt>
<dd>World Wide Web Consortium<br />&nbsp;</dd>
<dt>XML</dt>
<dd>Extensible Markup Language<br />&nbsp;</dd>
</dl>
</blockquote>
<h2>Other References</h2>
<blockquote>
<dl>
<dt>The Unicode Standard, Version 4.0, Addison-Wesley,
ISBN 0-321-18578-1</dt>
<dd>The definition of the Unicode character set which is
used for XML.<br />&nbsp;</dd>
<dt><a
href='http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-xml-20040204/'>Extensible
Markup Language (XML) 1.0 (Third Edition)</a></dt>
<dd>The XML specification from the World Wide Web
Consortium (W3C)<br />&nbsp;</dd>
</dl>
</blockquote>
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