quickemu/README.md

<h1 align="center">
  <img src=".github/logo.png" alt="Quickemu" />
  <br />
  Quickemu
</h1>

<p align="center"><b>Simple shell script to "manage" Qemu virtual machines.</b></p>
<div align="center"><img src=".github/screenshot.png" alt="Quickemu Screenshot" /></div>
<p align="center">Made with 💝 for <img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/anythingcodes/slack-emoji-for-techies/gh-pages/emoji/tux.png" align="top" width="24" /></p>

## Introduction

Quickemu is a very simple script to "manage" Qemu virtual machines. Each
virtual machine configuration is broadly the same requiring minimal setup. The
main objective of the project is to enable quick testing of desktop Linux
distributions where the virtual machines can be stored anywhere, such as
external USB storage.

Quickemu is opinionated and will attempt to *"do the right thing"* rather than
expose rich configuration options. Quickemu is a frontend to the fully
accelerated [qemu-virgil](https://snapcraft.io/qemu-virgil). See the video
where I explain some of my motivations for creating this script.

[![Replace VirtualBox with Bash & QEMU](https://img.youtube.com/vi/AOTYWEgw0hI/0.jpg)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AOTYWEgw0hI)

## Installation

Clone this repository:

```
git clone https://github.com/wimpysworld/quickemu.git
```

Install the `qemu-virgil` snap. You can find details about how to install snapd
and `qemu-virgil`  on the [Snap Store page for qemu-virgil](https://snapcraft.io/qemu-virgil)

```bash
snap install qemu-virgil --edge
snap connect qemu-virgil:kvm
snap connect qemu-virgil:raw-usb
snap connect qemu-virgil:removable-media
```

## Usage

### Linux

  * Download a .iso image of a Linux distribution
  * Create a VM configuration file; for example `ubuntu.conf`
    * The **default** `guest_os` is `linux`, so this is optional for Linux VM configs.
    * The `boot` option enables Legacy BIOS (`legacy`) or EFI (`efi`) booting. `legacy` is the default.

```
boot="legacy"
guest_os="linux"
iso="/media/$USER/Quickemu/ubuntu/focal-desktop-amd64.iso"
disk_img="/media/$USER/Quickemu/ubuntu/focal-desktop-amd64.qcow2"
disk=128G
usb_devices=("046d:082d" "046d:085e")
```

  * Use `quickemu` to start the virtual machine:

```
./quickemu --vm ubuntu-focal-desktop.conf
```

Which will output something like this:

```
Starting /media/martin/Quickemu/ubuntu-focal-desktop.conf
 - QEMU:     /snap/bin/qemu-virgil v4.2.0
 - Guest:    Linux optimised
 - BIOS:     Legacy BIOS
 - Disk:     /media/martin/Quickemu/ubuntu/focal-desktop-amd64.qcow2 (64G)
 - ISO:      /media/martin/Quickemu/ubuntu/focal-desktop-amd64.iso
 - CPU:      4 Core(s)
 - RAM:      4G
 - Screen:   1664x936
 - Video:    virtio-vga
 - GL:       ON
 - Virgil3D: ON
 - Display:  SDL
 - smbd:     /home/martin will be exported to the guest via smb://10.0.2.4/qemu
 - ssh:      22221/tcp is connected. Login via 'ssh user@localhost -p 22221'
 - USB:      Device pass-through requested:
              - Logitech, Inc. HD Pro Webcam C920
              - Logitech, Inc. Logitech BRIO
             Requested USB device(s) are accessible.
```

  * Complete the installation as normal.

  * A Desktop shortcut can be created (in ~/.local/share/applications):
```
./quickemu --shortcut --vm ubuntu-focal-desktop.conf
```

### Windows 10

You can use `quickemu` to run a Windows 10 virtual machine.

  * [Download Windows 10](https://www.microsoft.com/en-gb/software-download/windows10ISO)
  * [Download VirtIO drivers for Windows](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/creating-windows-virtual-machines-using-virtio-drivers/index.html#virtio-win-direct-downloads)
  * Create a VM configuration file; for example `windows10.conf`
    * The `boot` option enables Legacy BIOS (`legacy`) or EFI (`efi`) booting. `legacy` is the default.
    * The `guest_os="windows"` line instructs `quickemu` to use optimise for Windows.

```
boot="legacy"
guest_os="windows"
iso="/media/$USER/Quickemu/windows10/Win10_1909_English_x64.iso"
driver_iso="/media/$USER/Quickemu/windows10/virtio-win-0.1.173.iso"
disk_img="/media/$USER/Quickemu/windows10/windows10.qcow2"
disk=128G
usb_devices=("046d:082d" "046d:085e")
```

  * Use `quickemu` to start the virtual machine:

```
./quickemu --vm windows10.conf
```

Which will output something like this:

```
Starting /media/martin/Quickemu/windows10.conf
 - QEMU:     /snap/bin/qemu-virgil v4.2.0
 - Guest:    Windows optimised
 - BIOS:     Legacy BIOS
 - Disk:     /media/martin/Quickemu/windows10/windows10.qcow2 (64G)
             Just created, booting from /media/martin/Quickemu/windows10/Win10_1909_English_x64.iso
 - Boot:     /media/martin/Quickemu/windows10/Win10_1909_English_x64.iso
 - Drivers:  /media/martin/Quickemu/windows10/virtio-win-0.1.173.iso
 - CPU:      4 Core(s)
 - RAM:      4G
 - Screen:   1664x936
 - Video:    qxl-vga
 - GL:       ON
 - Virgil3D: OFF
 - Display:  SDL
 - smbd:     /home/martin will be exported to the guest via smb://10.0.2.4/qemu
 - ssh:      22221/tcp is connected. Login via 'ssh user@localhost -p 22221'
 - USB:      Device pass-through requested:
              - Logitech, Inc. HD Pro Webcam C920
              - Logitech, Inc. Logitech BRIO
             Requested USB device(s) are accessible.
```

  * During the Windows 10 install you will be asked *"Where do you want to install Windows?"*
    * Click **Load driver** and **OK** the the dialogue box that pops up.
    * Select `VirtIO SCSI controller (E:\amd64\w10\viostor.inf)` from the list and click **Next**.
    * The disk will now be available for partitioning and formatting.
  * Complete the installation as you normally would.
  * Post-install you should run the VirtIO installer from the CD-ROM: drive.

### All the options

Here are the full usage instructions:

```
Usage
  quickemu --vm ubuntu.conf

You can also pass optional parameters
  --delete                : Delete the disk image.
  --shortcut              : Create a desktop shortcut
  --snapshot apply <tag>  : Apply/restore a snapshot.
  --snapshot create <tag> : Create a snapshot.
  --snapshot delete <tag> : Delete a snapshot.
  --snapshot info         : Show disk/snapshot info.
  --status-quo            : Do not commit any changes to disk/snapshot.
```

## TODO

  - [x] Create desktop launcher for a VM
  - [ ] Improve disk management
  - [x] Add USB pass-through support
  - [x] Fix Virgil 3D on EFI boot
  - [x] Add Windows support
  - [x] Get QEMU `-audiodev` working for audio input
  - [x] Make display configuration more robust
  - [x] Improve snapshot management
  - [x] Improve stdout presentation
  - [x] Make disk image size configurable